Abubuwan manyan sassa na bawul ya kamata su fara la'akari da kaddarorin jiki (zazzabi, matsa lamba) da sinadarai (lalata) na matsakaicin aiki.Har ila yau, wajibi ne a san tsaftar matsakaici (ko akwai ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin cuta).Bugu da ƙari, ƙa'idodi masu dacewa da buƙatun jihohi da sassan masu amfani kuma za a koma ga su.
Yawancin nau'ikan kayan suna iya biyan buƙatun sabis na bawuloli a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki daban-daban.Koyaya, mafi kyawun rayuwar sabis na tattalin arziƙi da mafi kyawun aikin bawul ɗin za'a iya samun su ta hanyar daidaitattun zaɓi na kayan bawul.
Common abu na bawul jiki
1. Ana amfani da bawul ɗin ƙarfe na ƙarfe mai launin toka a fannoni daban-daban na masana'antu saboda ƙarancin farashi da fa'idar aikace-aikacen su.Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da su a cikin yanayin ruwa, tururi, mai da iskar gas a matsayin matsakaici, kuma ana amfani da su sosai a masana'antar sinadarai, bugu da rini, mai, yadi da sauran kayayyakin masana'antu da yawa waɗanda ba su da tasiri ko kaɗan ga gurɓataccen ƙarfe.
Yana da amfani ga ƙananan bawuloli tare da zafin jiki na aiki na - 15 ~ 200 ℃ da matsa lamba na PN ≤ 1.6MPa.
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2. Black core malleable baƙin ƙarfe ne m zuwa matsakaici da kuma low matsa lamba bawuloli tare da aiki zafin jiki tsakanin - 15 ~ 300 ℃ da maras muhimmanci matsa lamba PN ≤ 2.5MPa.
Kafofin watsa labaru masu aiki sune ruwa, ruwan teku, gas, ammonia, da dai sauransu.
3. Nodular simintin ƙarfe Nodular simintin ƙarfe nau'in ƙarfe ne na simintin ƙarfe, wanda nau'in ƙarfe ne.Ana maye gurbin graphite flake a cikin baƙin ƙarfe simintin launin toka da graphite nodular ko globular graphite.Canjin tsarin ciki na wannan ƙarfe ya sa kayan aikin injinsa ya fi ƙarfe simintin launin toka na yau da kullun, kuma baya lalata sauran kaddarorin.Sabili da haka, bawuloli da aka yi da ƙarfe mai ɗaci suna da matsi mafi girma na sabis fiye da waɗanda aka yi da baƙin ƙarfe.Yana da amfani ga matsakaici da ƙananan bawuloli tare da zafin jiki na aiki na - 30 ~ 350 ℃ da matsa lamba na PN ≤ 4.0MPa.
Matsakaicin aiki shine ruwa, ruwan teku, tururi, iska, gas, mai, da sauransu.
4. Carbon karfe (WCA, WCB, WCC) da farko ya ƙera simintin ƙarfe don biyan bukatun samar da waɗanda suka wuce ƙarfin simintin ƙarfe da bawul ɗin tagulla.Koyaya, saboda kyakkyawan aikin sabis na bawul ɗin ƙarfe na carbon da ƙarfin juriya ga matsalolin da ke haifar da haɓakar thermal, nauyin tasiri da nakasar bututun, ana faɗaɗa ikon yin amfani da su, yawanci gami da yanayin aiki na bawul ɗin ƙarfe na simintin ƙarfe da bawul ɗin tagulla.
Yana da amfani ga matsakaici da babban matsa lamba bawuloli tare da aiki zafin jiki na - 29 ~ 425 ℃.Zazzabi na 16Mn da 30Mn yana tsakanin - 40 ~ 400 ℃, wanda galibi ana amfani dashi don maye gurbin ASTM A105.Matsakaici mai amfani shine cikakken tururi da tururi mai zafi.Samfuran mai masu girma da ƙarancin zafin jiki, iskar gas, matsewar iska, ruwa, iskar gas, da sauransu.
5. Low zafin jiki carbon karfe (LCB) Low zafin jiki carbon karfe da ƙananan nickel gami karfe za a iya amfani a cikin zafin jiki kewayon kasa sifili, amma ba za a iya mika zuwa cryogenic yankin.Valves da aka yi da waɗannan kayan sun dace da kafofin watsa labaru masu zuwa, kamar ruwan teku, carbon dioxide, acetylene, propylene da ethylene.
Yana da amfani ga ƙananan zafin jiki bawuloli tare da zafin jiki na aiki tsakanin - 46 ~ 345 ℃.
6. Ana iya amfani da bawuloli da aka yi da ƙananan ƙarfe na ƙarfe (WC6, WC9) da ƙananan ƙarfe (irin su carbon molybdenum karfe da chromium molybdenum karfe) don yawancin matsakaicin aiki, gami da cikakken tururi da mai zafi, sanyi da mai zafi, iskar gas. da iska.The aiki zafin jiki na carbon karfe bawul iya zama 500 ℃, da kuma cewa na low gami karfe bawul iya zama sama da 600 ℃.A high zafin jiki, da inji Properties na low gami karfe ne mafi girma fiye da na carbon karfe.
High zafin jiki da kuma high matsa lamba bawuloli m ga mara lalata matsakaici tare da aiki zafin jiki tsakanin - 29 ~ 595 ℃;C5 da C12 ana amfani da su zuwa babban zafin jiki da bawul ɗin matsa lamba don watsa labarai masu lalata tare da zafin aiki tsakanin - 29 da 650 ℃.
7. Austenitic bakin karfe Austenitic bakin karfe yana dauke da kusan 18% chromium da 8% nickel.18-8 austenitic bakin karfe ana amfani dashi azaman bawul jiki da kayan bonnet a ƙarƙashin babban da ƙananan zafin jiki da yanayin lalata mai ƙarfi.Ƙara molybdenum zuwa 18-8 bakin karfe matrix da ƙara dan ƙara abun ciki na nickel zai ƙara haɓaka juriyarsa.The bawuloli da aka yi da wannan karfe za a iya amfani da ko'ina a cikin sinadaran masana'antu, kamar isar acetic acid, nitric acid, alkali, Bleach, abinci, 'ya'yan itace ruwan' ya'yan itace, carbonic acid, tanning ruwa da yawa sauran sinadaran kayayyakin.
Don amfani da kewayon zafin jiki mai girma da kuma ƙara canza kayan haɓaka kayan aiki, an ƙara niobium zuwa bakin karfe, wanda aka sani da 18-10-Nb.Zazzabi na iya zama 800 ℃.
Austenitic bakin karfe yawanci ana amfani dashi a cikin ƙananan yanayin zafi kuma ba zai zama mai karye ba, don haka bawuloli da aka yi da wannan kayan (kamar 18-8 da 18-10-3Mo) sun dace sosai don aiki a yanayin zafi kaɗan.Misali, tana jigilar iskar ruwa, kamar iskar gas, iskar gas, oxygen da nitrogen.
Yana da amfani ga bawuloli tare da matsakaici mai lalata tare da zafin aiki tsakanin - 196 ~ 600 ℃.Austenitic bakin karfe shima ingantaccen bawul ɗin bawul ɗin ƙarancin zafin jiki ne.
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8. Filastik da yumbu duk kayan da ba na ƙarfe ba ne.Babban fasalin bawul ɗin kayan ƙarfe ba na ƙarfe ba shine ƙarfin juriyar lalata su, har ma suna da fa'idodin da bawul ɗin kayan ƙarfe ba za su iya samu ba.Gabaɗaya ana amfani da shi ga kafofin watsa labaru masu lalata tare da matsa lamba PN ≤ 1.6MPa da zafin aiki wanda bai wuce 60 ℃ ba, kuma ba mai guba SINGLE UNION BALL Valve kuma ana amfani da shi ga masana'antar samar da ruwa.Abubuwan manyan sassa na bawul ya kamata su fara la'akari da kaddarorin jiki (zazzabi, matsa lamba) da sinadarai (lalata) na matsakaicin aiki.Har ila yau, wajibi ne a san tsaftar matsakaici (ko akwai ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin cuta).Bugu da ƙari, ƙa'idodi masu dacewa da buƙatun jihohi da sassan masu amfani kuma za a koma ga su.
Yawancin nau'ikan kayan suna iya biyan buƙatun sabis na bawuloli a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki daban-daban.Koyaya, mafi kyawun rayuwar sabis na tattalin arziƙi da mafi kyawun aikin bawul ɗin za'a iya samun su ta hanyar daidaitattun zaɓi na kayan bawul.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-28-2023